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Thymulin

Also known as: FTS, facteur thymique serique, zinc-thymulin

Thymulin is a thymic nonapeptide that becomes biologically active only when bound to zinc, after which it promotes T-cell differentiation, modulates cytokines, and participates in two-way neuroendocrine signaling.

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Thymulin
Drug class
Zinc-dependent thymic peptide hormone (immunomodulatory nonapeptide)
Primary targets
T-cell differentiation pathways, Thymic epithelial signaling, Neuroendocrine/pituitary axis, Cytokine regulation
Dose reference
No established human dose; reference figures derive only from animal and gene-therapy models, not approved human labels (research-only, NOT a recommendation).
Half-life
Not established in humans; the native peptide is cleared rapidly from circulation, which motivated stabilized analogs and gene-therapy delivery approaches.
Developer / origin
Originally characterized as FTS by Jean-Francois Bach, Mireille Dardenne and colleagues (Hopital Necker/INSERM, Paris, France)
Reference year
1977
Evidence score
2/5 - preclinical / observational (research-only)
Evidence 2/5

preclinical / observational (research-only)

Thymulin has a real peer-reviewed literature base, but it is dominated by preclinical animal/in vitro work and observational human biomarker studies. There is no FDA approval, no completed efficacy program, and no established human dosing or safety profile.

Mostly animal, ex vivo, cell, or indirect evidence.

Evidence basis

  • Zinc-dependent nonapeptide structure and mechanism well characterized in vitro (Prasad; Reggiani review)
  • Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects shown only in animal/CNS models and with analogs (Dardenne 2006; Lunin 2010)
  • Human data are largely observational biomarker studies tied to age, malnutrition and zinc status (Wade 1985; Chandra 1988)
  • Therapeutic strategies remain preclinical gene therapy in animal models (Reggiani; Pardo 2020)
  • No regulatory approval or human label establishing dose or safety

How to read this entry

Dose references and half-life values are pulled from trial protocols, labels, reviews, or published summaries where available. They are context for research and comparison, not a personal dosing recommendation.

Status matters: approved drugs have regulated indications; investigational compounds are still being studied; research-only peptides do not have established human dosing, safety, or efficacy for consumer use.

Thymulin guides

Read the matching guide or adjacent research pages for more context.

Thymulin Peptide: Zinc-Dependent Thymic Hormone ExplainedThymulin is a zinc-dependent thymic nonapeptide with interesting immune and neuroendocrine biology but no approved human indication and no established human dosing.Antimicrobial Peptides: LL-37, KPV, Melittin and Evidence LimitsAntimicrobial peptides are a real area of drug research, but LL-37, KPV, melittin and related peptides sit at very different evidence and safety levels.N-Acetyl Selank Peptide: Stabilized Selank Analog and What the Evidence Actually ShowsN-Acetyl Selank is a research-only, chemically stabilized analog of the Russian anxiolytic peptide Selank, with almost all evidence coming from the parent compound rather than the modified version.Tuftsin Peptide: Phagocytosis-Stimulating Tetrapeptide and Its LimitsTuftsin is a naturally occurring IgG-derived tetrapeptide that stimulates phagocytosis through neuropilin-1, but it remains research-only with no approved human dosing.

Peptide calculators

Use calculators for concentration, unit conversion and repeated-dose accumulation math.

Peptide reconstitution calculatorCalculate concentration, draw volume and syringe units from vial strength and BAC water.Open toolPeptide accumulation calculatorModel repeated dosing schedules with half-life, interval, peak and trough estimates.Open toolPeptide unit converterConvert mg, mcg, optional IU and syringe units from one reconstituted vial setup.Open toolPeptide chemistry calculatorAnalyze sequence length, molecular weight, composition, charge, hydropathy and notation.Open tool

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The information on PeptideStat is for educational and research purposes only and is not medical advice. Many peptides discussed are research compounds not approved for human use. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health decisions. Articles may contain affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.