A Research Study to See How Well CagriSema Helps People in East Asia With Excess Body Weight Lose Weight

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female * Age greater than to or equal 18 years at the time of signing informed consent * a) Body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 27.0 kilograms per square meter (kg/m\^2) with greater than or equal to 2 obesity-related complications or b) BMI greater than or equal to 35.0 kg/m\^2 with greater than or equal to 1 obesity-related complication. At least one complication should be hypertension, dyslipidaemia or T2D Diabetes-related for participant with T2D * Diagnosed with T2D greater than or equal to 180 days before screening * HbA1c 7.0-10.0 percent (53-86 millimoles per mole \[mmol/mol\]) (both inclusive) as measured by central laboratory at screening * Treatment with either lifestyle intervention, or treatment with 1-3 marketed oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD)s (metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors \[AGI\], glinides, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor \[SGLT2i\]), thiazolidinediones, or sulphonylureas \[SU\] as a single agent or in combination) according to local label * Treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs should be stable (same drug(s), dose and dosing frequency) for at least 90 days before screening Exclusion Criteria: Obesity-related \- Treatment with any medication prescribed for the indication of obesity or weight management within 90 days before screening Glycaemia-related for participant without T2D * HbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5 percent (48 mmol/mol) as measured by the central laboratory at screening * History of type 1 or type 2 diabetes Diabetes-related for participant with T2D * Renal impairment with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lesser than 30 milli liter per min/1.73 meter square (mL/min/1.73 m\^2) as measured by central laboratory at screening * Clinically significant or severe hypoglycaemia within 6 months of screening or history of hypoglycaemia unawareness * Uncontrolled and potentially unstable diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy. Verified by a fundus examination performed within 90 days before screening or in the period between screening and randomisation. Pharmacological pupil-dilation is a requirement unless using a digital fundus photography camera specified for non-dilated examination