DRUG
Giapreza
2.5 mg/mL
Comparison of Angiotensin II to Standard Dose Vasopressors on Change in Arterial Elastance
Status
Active, not recruiting
Phase
Early Phase 1
Enrollment
30
Locations
1
Results
Not posted
Publications
0
Study summary
What the protocol is testing.
A study to see whether a medication called Angiotensin II works better than the routinely used medication to raise blood pressure in people with liver disease who are experiencing a serious drop in blood pressure. The investigators want to find out if Angiotensin II can help the heart and blood vessels work together more effectively than standard treatments.
Full detailed description
Sepsis and septic shock remain associated with significant mortality, especially in cirrhotic where the mortality with septic shock exceeds 70%. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a well-recognized consequence of advanced liver dysfunction and is associated with a hyperdynamic circulatory state due to vasoplegia in this population. Our group has shown septic patients with cirrhosis had higher LV systolic function as assessed by Left ventricle Ejection fraction (LVEF %), stroke volume and cardiac output with a significantly higher percentage of patients with hyperdynamic state (LVEF \> 70%) than those without cirrhosis. The investigators measured arterial elastance and ventricular elastance using echocardiography and found cirrhotic patient to have significantly lower arterial elastance with higher ventricular elastance. AII (Angiotensin II) exert its effect after the hydrolysis of Ang-1 by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and is the principal product of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Advance cirrhosis is associated with reduction in Ang II levels accompanied by an increased Ang-(1-7)/Ang II ratio in the splanchnic circulation may be, at least in part, responsible for changes in vascular splanchnic tone. In addition, the relative decrease in Ang II compared to Ang (1-7), the vasodilator component of RAS causes hyperdynamic circulation from lower SVR in cirrhotic. This study also showed that with progression of liver disease leads to continual splanchnic vasodilation from higher Ang (1-7)/Ang II ratio. In advance stages this resultant hyperdynamic circulation is still insufficient to compensate for the effective arterial hypovolemia. Similar finding was observed in our large study, where the VAC was significantly lower in cirrhotic with sepsis shock despite elevation in LV elastance compared to non-cirrhotic with septic shock. Angiotensin II, a naturally occurring octapeptide hormone increases blood pressure through various mechanisms, including vasoconstriction of peripheral vessels, potentiation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) release, and direct actions on postganglionic sympathetic fibers. The external Ang II administration will be able to reverse the altered Ang (I-7)/Ang II ratio in systemic circulation reversing vasodilation. The investigators hypothesize that external administration of Ang II will cause a higher increase in SVR in cirrhotic with septic shock compared to Standard of Care (SOC) by decreasing arterial elastance restoring non-invasive arterial ventricular coupling.
Interventions
Treatment arms and agents.
Timeline
From registration to results.
First posted
May 5, 2026
Study start
Nov 15, 2024
Primary completion
Jan 2028
Study completion
Jan 2028
Results posted
Not reported
Registry updated
May 5, 2026
Outcomes
What the study measures.
Primary outcomes
Change in arterial elastance
Time frame · 6 hours
Change in arterial elastance will be measure by echocardiography at baseline, 6 hours and 24 hours. Dynamic arterial elastance will be calculated as the ratio between pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation obtained from arterial line waveform.
Change in arterial elastance
Time frame · 24 hours
Change in arterial elastance will be measure by echocardiography at baseline, 6 hours and 24 hours. Dynamic arterial elastance will be calculated as the ratio between pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation obtained from arterial line waveform.
Secondary outcomes
Change in arterial ventricular coupling
Time frame · 6 hours
Change in arterial ventricular coupling will be measured by echocardiogram at baseline, 6 hours and 24 hours. The ventricular-arterial coupling will be assessed using previously validated method where Left ventricular end-systolic elastance will be calculated by a modified single-beat method employing systolic and diastolic pressure from the arterial line, echo-Doppler stroke volume (SV), echo-derived ejection fraction (EF) and an estimated normalized ventricular elastance at arterial end-diastole (E(Nd)): E(es(sb)) = \[P(d) - (E(Nd(est)) x P(s) x 0.9)\[/(E(Nd(est)) x SV).
Change in arterial ventricular coupling
Time frame · 24 hours
Change in arterial ventricular coupling will be measured by echocardiogram at baseline, 6 hours and 24 hours. The ventricular-arterial coupling will be assessed using previously validated method where Left ventricular end-systolic elastance will be calculated by a modified single-beat method employing systolic and diastolic pressure from the arterial line, echo-Doppler stroke volume (SV), echo-derived ejection fraction (EF) and an estimated normalized ventricular elastance at arterial end-diastole (E(Nd)): E(es(sb)) = \[P(d) - (E(Nd(est)) x P(s) x 0.9)\[/(E(Nd(est)) x SV).
Change in norepinephrine equivalent dose
Time frame · 6 hours
The change in norepinephrine equivalent dose at (6 hours and 24 hours) using the following formula6 Norepinephrine dose (µg/kg/min) + epinephrine dose (µg/kg/min) + 1/150 × dopamine dose (µg/kg/min) + 1/10 × phenylephrine dose (µg/kg/min) + 2.5 × vasopressin dose (U/min)
Change in norepinephrine equivalent dose
Time frame · 24 hours
The change in norepinephrine equivalent dose at (6 hours and 24 hours) using the following formula6 Norepinephrine dose (µg/kg/min) + epinephrine dose (µg/kg/min) + 1/150 × dopamine dose (µg/kg/min) + 1/10 × phenylephrine dose (µg/kg/min) + 2.5 × vasopressin dose (U/min)
Change in renal perfusion index
Time frame · 6 hours
Improvement in renal perfusion index (Renal Resistive index) at (6 hours and 24 hours). The Doppler-based renal restrictive index (RI) will be used for measurement using spectral Doppler at the arcuate arteries or interlobar arteries. The formula for calculating the RI is: RI = (Peak Systolic Velocity - End Diastolic Velocity) / Peak Systolic Velocity. The normal range for the RI is 0.50 to 0.70, and elevated values are associated with poorer prognosis in various renal disorders and renal transplant outcomes.
Change in renal perfusion index
Time frame · 24 hours
Improvement in renal perfusion index (Renal Resistive index) at (6 hours and 24 hours). The Doppler-based renal restrictive index (RI) will be used for measurement using spectral Doppler at the arcuate arteries or interlobar arteries. The formula for calculating the RI is: RI = (Peak Systolic Velocity - End Diastolic Velocity) / Peak Systolic Velocity. The normal range for the RI is 0.50 to 0.70, and elevated values are associated with poorer prognosis in various renal disorders and renal transplant outcomes.
Evaluation of 28 day renal replacement therapy free survival
Time frame · 28 days after hospital discharge
The number of days alive free of renal-replacement therapy at 28 days
Change in Renin levels
Time frame · 24 hours
A blood sample will be obtained at two time points. The first sample will be obtained when the participant is randomized but before infusion in initiated. The second sample will be obtained at 24 hours after the initiation of the drug. Plasma Renin Activity (PRA) is measured in ng/mL/h.
Change in Angiotension II levels
Time frame · 24 hours
A blood sample will be obtained at two time points. The first sample will be obtained when the participant is randomized but before infusion in initiated. The second sample will be obtained at 24 hours after the initiation of the drug. Angiotensin II will be expressed in ng/dL.
Change in Microcirculation
Time frame · 6 hours
Tissue oxygen saturation (StO₂) will be measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) at the thenar eminence. Microvascular reactivity will be assessed using a vascular occlusion test (VOT). Dynamic variables derived from the VOT will include baseline StO₂, minimum StO₂ during occlusion, and reperfusion slope.
Eligibility
Who can take part.
- Minimum age
- 18 Years
- Maximum age
- Not reported
- Sex
- ALL
- Healthy volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years at the time of enrollment * Septic shock as defined by Sepsis-3 criteria (highly suspected or confirmed infection, requiring norepinephrine to maintain a MAP ≥ 65 mmHg, and serum lactate \> 2 mmol/L after adequate fluid resuscitation) within a 48 hour window prior to enrollment * Confirmed cirrhotic patient (Radiological/Biopsy/Physician confirmed) * Preserved cardiac function as assessed using point-of-care ultrasonography or a non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring device with either LVOT VTI \> 18 cm or stroke volume \> 50 ml Within 48 hours of onset of shock. * Standard of care vasopressors are at a norepinephrine equivalent of 15 mcg/min Exclusion Criteria: * Declined consent. * Pregnancy * CKD-Stage IV/V * ESRD on long-term hemodialysis * On Dialysis or planned dialysis to be initiated within 24 hours of study of enrollment. * Clinically determined to have primarily hepatorenal syndrome. * On other vasoactive medication (phenylephrine, Terlipressin, epinephrine, dobutamine, dopamine) * Hemorrhagic, obstructive, or hypovolemic shock is not the primary cause of shock based on clinical judgement. * DNR * Patients declared Brain dead. * Anticipated death within 48 hours of enrollment * Echocardiographic windows not available * Acute mesenteric Ischemia * Active gastrointestinal bleeding * Active cardiac ischemic event defined as NSTEMi, STEMI * Acute DVT/Pulmonary embolism/Portal vein thrombosis * \> 48 h since initiation of vasopressor agent * Cardiac function assessment show LVOT VTI \< 18 cm or stroke volume \< 50 ml/min * Norepinephrine equivalent dose \> 50mcg/min
Study locations
1 registered sites.
United States. Showing up to 24 locations stored in the fast local snapshot.
The Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Publications
Results and literature.
No PMID-linked publications were present in this registry snapshot.
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